CRICULA OF THE WORLD

"Type species: trifenestrata Helfer.

"Cricula is another purely Oriental genus, apart from one species that extends to the Moluccas. It was reviewed in part by Holloway (1981) and is currently being studied by W.A. Nassig.

"All species are relatively small, brown or orange-brown, the wings each crossed by two fasciae. The distal fascia is irregular on the hindwing as is the more basal one on the forewing. So the thicker, straighter opposite fasciae on each wing are more or less aligned when the insect is at rest. The wing ocelli are much modified: that on the hindwing is reduced to a small black dot in some species, otherwise a simple transparent circle; the forewing has a transverse row of transparent patches, usually two, sometimes with a smaller one intervening in the female where they are larger, or sometimes reduced to a dark dot or lost completely in the male (usually the anterior one). In two species, quinquefenestrata Roepke from Sulawesi and drepanoides Moore from the eastern Himalaya, the transparent patches are more numerous, archipelagic. W.A. Nassig (pers. comm.) suggests drepanoides is best separated in the genus Solus.

"The male genitalia are distinguished by complex lobing of the juxta, rather elongate valves, sometimes apically bilobed, and an aedeagus vesica that often bears large, darkly sclerotised cornuti."

Cricula trifenestrata larva copyright Kirby Wolfe

P indicates an image is available.

Listing of Cricula

P agria South India; Sri Lanka
N andamanica Jordan, 1909 Andaman Islands, India
P andrei Jordan Borneo, Sri Lanka = Ceylon, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, southern China
N andrei sensu Holloway, 1976
N aungsansuukyiae Naumann & Loffler 2010 Burma = Myanmar, Vietnam
synonymous with tonkintrifenestratoides
N australosinica Brechlin 2004 southern China: Yunnan
N australovietnama Brechlin 2010 southern Vietnam
N baliensis Naumann & Loffler, 2010 Lesser Sunda Islands: Bali = elaezia pelengensis
N bornea Watson, 1913 Borneo, Malaysia
P cameronensis U. & L.H. Paukstadt, 1998 Malaysia
P drepanoides Moore eastern Himalaya, China: Xizang (Tibet) and Yunnan probably Solus
P elaezia Jordan, 1909, Allen, 1981 Java=Jawa, Borneo
N elaezia buruensis Jordan Moluccas: Buru = elaezia
P elaezia pelengensis U. & L. H. Paukstadt, 2009 Lesser Sunda Islands: Bali
N elaezioborneensis Brechlin 2010 = magnifenestrata
N elaeziopahangensis Brechlin 2010 = magnifenestrata elaeziopahangensis
N elaeziosumatrana Brechlin 2010 = separata, Indonesia, western Sumatra
N falcata Naumann & Loffler 2010 Vietnam, Gebirgpass Phu Mi, Gemeinde Phu Son, Kreis Lam Ha, Lam Dong; synonym of australovietnama.
N fansipanensis Naumann & Loffler 2010 Vietnam
N flavogena Chu and Wang China: Yunnan
N frederkingi Naumann & Loffler 2010 central Vietnam
N griseorubrescens Naumann & Löffler 2010 Vietnam
N hainanensis Brechlin, 2004 China
Cricula halconensis Nässig & Treadaway, 2011
P hayatiae U. Paukstadt & Suhardjono, 1992 Indonesia: Lesser Sunda Islands: Flores, West Timor
N hoabinhnguyeni Naumann & Loffler 2010 Vietnam
N hoffmanni Naumann & Loffler 2010 southern Vietnam
P jordani Bryk, 1944 Laos, Thailand, Vietnam
N kalimantanensis Brechlin 2010 Indonesia: Borneo: Kalimantan-Selatan
P luzonica kareli Nässig & Treadaway, 1997 Philippines: Mindanao
P luzonica luzonica Jordan, 1909 Philippines: Luzon Island
P luzonica leyteana Nässig & Treadaway, 1997 Philippines: Leyte
Cricula leyteana bayani Nässig & Treadaway, 2011: NF 31 (4): 191. new one, Philippines
N magnifenestrata Naumann & Loffler, 2010 Borneo
N magnifenestrata elaeziopahangensis Naumann & Löffler, 2010, peninsular Malaysia
P maxalorensis Naumann and Löffler, 2010 Alor and Pantar islands, all Lesser Sunda Islands
P mindanaensis Nässig & Treadaway, 1997 Philippines
N palawanica Brechlin, 2001 Philippines
N pseudandrei Naumann & Loffler 2010 China: Guangdong: Yuyuan 25.3333, 113.167, 2001-09-01; China: Guangxi: E Guangxi: Dayaoshan, 2006-04-01; China: Hunan: Shikenkong Mt., 24.9, 112.95, 2006-04-15; same as C. vietnama hunana
P quinquefenestrata Roepke, 1940 Sulawesi
N schintlmeisteri Naumann & Löffler 2010; Vietnam, Lao Cai Province, Sa Pa Cat-Cat Frontier Base Camp, 22º19'36.4"N, 103º49'461"E, 1250 m.
N separata Naumann & Löffler 2010 = elaeziosumatrana, western Sumatra, Indonesia
N sichuana Brechlin 2010 China: Sichuan
N sponai Naumann & Löffler 2010 Vietnam
P sumatrensis Jordan, 1939 Sumatra
P timorensis Stefan Naumann and David Lane, 2010 East Timor
N tonkintrifenestratoides Brechlin 2010 Vietnam, Burma = Myanmar
synonymous with aungsansuukyiae
P trifenestrata Helfer, 1837 Laos, Cambodia, Thailand (JV), India, Philippines, Sulawesi, Jawa = Java, S. & SE. China
P trifenestrata agrioides Nässig, 1989 South India
P trifenestrata banggaiensis Naumann & Paukstadt, 1997 Indonesia, Sulawesi
P trifenestrata cameronensis U. Paukstadt & L.H. Paukstadt, 1998 western Malaysia
P trifenestrata javana Watson, 1913 western Jawa=Java, Malaysia, Lesser Sunda Islands: Bali
P trifenestrata kransi Jurriaanse & Lindemans, 1920 Sulawesi
P trifenestrata serama Nässig, 1989 Indonesia, Moluccas: Seram
P trifenestra tenggarensis U. Paukstadt, L.H. Paukstadt & Suhardjono, 1998 Lesser Sunda Islands: Lombok, Sumbawa, Sumba, Flores
P trifenestrata treadawayi Nässig, 1989 Negros, Philippines
N trifenestratoides Brechlin 2010 southwestern China: Yunnan
N variabilis Naumann & Löffler 2010 China
P vietnama Brechlin, Nässig & Naumann, 1999 Vietnam, Burma = Myanmar
N vietnama hunana Brechlin 2010 southern China: Hunan; same as Cricula pseudandrei
N zubsiana Nässig, 1985 China, Yunnan

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Cricula nr jordani female, Laos, November 2008, courtesy of Viktor Sinyaev.