"Descriptions of immature stages:
Ovum length approximately 2.6 mm, width 2.3 mm and height 1.7 mm;
the chorion is 0.05 mm thick. Egg shell consists of two layers.
Coloration of the outer layer is light brownish, partially covered
with red to black brown secretion, which is used to fix the egg to
substrate. Chorionic sculpturing asymmetrically reticulate.
Coloration of the inner layer is white with irregular brown patches.
1st instar larva approximately 8 mm long when hatching from egg.
Head glossy reddish brown, main coloration mostly orange,
abdominal segments 1 to 4 dorsally and laterally gray, abdominal
segments 1 to 8 lateral with each three black patches, subspiracular
stripe yellowish, dorsal scoli mostly yellowish with orange apex,
thoracic legs and prolegs pale reddish brown, anal plate whitish.
Scoli in six longitudinal rows, excepting the single median dorsal
scolus on the 8th abdominal segment. Prothorax and the 9th abdominal
segment with four rows scoli. Dorsal scoli on meso- and metathorax
and the single median dorsal scolus considerable longer than other
scoli, subdorsal scoli shorter than subspiracular scoli. Mostly 6
to 10 short white primary setae on the apices of scoli present,
apices of subdorsal scoli with approximately 3 setae only.
2nd instar larva main coloration yellowish green with yellow
subspiracular line connecting yellowish orange scoli. Dorsal orange
scoli with yellow bases, those of meso- and metathorax and single
median scolus with black apex. Prothoracic plate black, head dark
brown, legs pale brown with dark brown or black stripe. Subdorsal
scoli mostly much reduced, with a single seta at apex. Other scoli
with 5 to 7, the single median scolus with up to 10 black spines
at apex, each scolus with a single longer black seta arising from
center. Cuticle with irregular tiny white granulations, each bearing
seta. Small black spots on anal plate present.
3rd instar larva not much different from the previous 2nd instar.
Main coloration pale green with yellowish green subspiracular line.
Irregular tiny white granulation increased, spiracles gray white,
scoli mostly with orange apex, subdorsal scoli pale yellowish and
much reduced. Patch on the outside of each anal proleg yellowish
with posterior edge black. Spines at apex of scoli reduced in number
and length. A nice larva in this instar.
4th instar larva pale yellowish green, subspiracular stripe and white
granulations disappearing. Scoli with yellow or light yellowish
orange apex, each bearing radial short black spines and with a long
single seta arising from center. Dorsal and lateral black-red-yellow
colored ring between abdominal segments 1 and 2 present (located at
posterior end of the 1st abdominalsegment). Head dark brown with
lighter frons and clypeus. Spiracles, legs and prolegs brownish,
anal prolegs yellow, posterior end brownish black, anal plate with
small black spots each bearing a seta. Scoli now mostly in four
longitudinal rows. Subdorsal scoli absent and subspiracular scoli
smaller than in the previous instar.
5th instar larva main coloration yellowish green, apices of scoli
ocre with black spines. Dorsal scoli with a single white seta
arising from center. Subdorsal scoli absent; subspiracular scoli
of thoracic and abdominal segments 1 and 2 short with 3 to 6 black
spines at apex; other subspiracular scoli reduced, each with two
long black setae. Anal prolegs yellow with black posterior end.
Mature larva length approximately 10 cm.
In all instars the larvae of A. groenendaeli were found being
clearly different from those of other taxa in this species-group.
Cocoon irregular in shape, not perforated as in other taxa of the
maenas-species group, with exit opening at anterior end.
Coloration glossy white. Length 6.5 and width 3 cm.
Pupa length 4 cm, main coloration ocre; thorax, antennal and wing
covers dark brown. Antennal covers of female pupa approximately
length 11 mm and largest width 5 mm. Head with transparent
light-detecting "window" between eye covers." Ulrich Paukstadt.
